References to the town of Killarney or Cill Áirne (Church of the Sloes) date back to the year 1604, but it was only when Lord Kenmare developed four major roads into the area in 1750 that Killarney was opened to visitors. Tourism is now the mainstay of the economy here. The town has acquired many fine buildings, which enhance a pleasant morning or evening stroll.

Like all Irish towns Killarney has a wide variety of churches. Of particular interest are the churches. St Mary's Cathedral (1842) was designed by Augustus Pugin, and St Mary's Church (1870) still has its original organ. The Franciscan Friary (1864) has stained glass by Harry Clarke.

As well as a railway and train station, Killarney is 10 km from Kerry International Airport.